Fur is short hair in many layers
Everything from painting realistic hair applies, just with short, dense strokes. Fur reads as layered fluff: a dark undercoat, mid-tone body, and bright guard hairs on top. Painting one flat layer of fur strokes looks like carpet — the depth comes from stacking passes.
Step 1 — Block the animal and its values
Paint the silhouette and the big light-and-shadow masses of the body first, exactly like any form. Fur follows the underlying anatomy, so the form has to read before any strokes. Map the major color patches (a tabby's stripes, a dog's markings) as soft shapes now.
Step 2 — Map fur direction
Fur grows in flows and partings — down the back, swirling at the cheeks and chest, fanning at the haunches. Lightly sketch these direction lines. Strokes that follow real fur growth instantly look believable; random directions look like static.
Step 3 — Dark undercoat pass
With a short fur brush, lay the darkest fur tone across the shadow areas and the base of the coat, following direction. This deep layer becomes the gaps between the lighter fur and gives the coat its density.
Step 4 — Mid and light passes
Add fewer, shorter strokes in mid-tone over the body, then a sparse pass of light guard hairs catching the rim and top planes. Each pass thinner than the last — that's the depth. Keep stroke length short and consistent with the animal's coat (short for a cat's face, longer for a fluffy tail).
Step 5 — The fuzzy silhouette
The edge sells fur more than anything. Break the outline with individual hairs sticking out — especially on the rim-lit side where backlight makes a glowing fuzz. Use a fine brush along the silhouette. A clean hard edge instantly looks fake.
Step 6 — Detail the focal areas
You don't render every hair. Concentrate detail around the eyes, nose and ears; let the body fade into softer, less-defined fur. This focus mimics how we actually see an animal and saves hours. Eyes and the wet nose are where a pet portrait lives or dies.
Fur length cheats
- Short fur (cat face, short-haired dog) — tiny strokes, lean on smooth value with light texture on top.
- Long fur (collie, Persian) — longer flowing strokes, more like hair, with clumping.
- Fluffy / downy — soft edges, heavy fuzzy silhouette, less defined strands.
Brushes for fur
A short multi-strand fur brush for the passes and a fine single-hair brush for the silhouette — free in the hair and texture categories. For feathered animals, see how to draw feathers.