Mountains are planes of light
A mountain is a faceted form — a light side and a shadow side meeting at ridges. Decide your light direction first, because the whole sense of a 3D mountain comes from which planes face the sun and which fall into shadow. Detail comes after.
1. Draw the silhouette
Block the overall mountain shape against the sky — jagged and asymmetrical, not a symmetrical triangle. Vary peak heights and let ridgelines overlap. A slightly off-center main peak reads best.
2. Split light and shadow
Divide each peak into a lit plane and a shadowed plane with a clear value difference. Keep the division crisp where it follows a hard ridge. This two-value split is what makes the mountain pop into 3D — do it before any texture.
3. Carve the ridges and faces
Add smaller ridges, gullies and rock faces following the big planes. Cracks and crevices read as darker lines; sunlit edges as lighter. Keep detail concentrated near the focal peak and simpler elsewhere. Use a textured or rock brush from the nature and texture categories.
4. Add snow
For snowy peaks, add snow on the upper areas and ledges that face up, settling where it would naturally rest. Snow on the lit side is bright white; snow in shadow is cool blue-grey. The contrast of white snow against dark rock is dramatic and convincing.
5. Texture the rock
A light pass of rock or grunge texture on the faces adds realism — but keep it subtle and let the big planes dominate. Over-texturing flattens the form. See the best free nature brushes for rock textures.
6. Push back distant ranges
Layered mountain ranges create epic depth: each range farther back is lighter, cooler and lower in contrast (atmospheric perspective). Put ranges on separate layers, overlap them, and fade the distance toward the sky color — see atmospheric perspective.
Brushes and next steps
Draw mountains with free rock, texture and nature brushes from the nature category or any free brushset. Set them in a full landscape with a painted sky. Concept artists building environments should also see brushes for concept art.